Researchers at the University of Cardiff, in Wales, have already identified 92 genes related to a significant increase in the risk of Alzheimer’s. Professor Julie Williams, one of the leading experts on the disease in the UK, points out that these discoveries are contributing to the development of treatments for the most common forms of the disease.
“Things are accelerating and improving all the time. I believe that by 2040 we will be in a position to offer a range of treatments and perhaps we don’t know exactly why, but one of them will be able to act on the varied causes”, said the director of the Cardiff Dementia Center in BBC interview.
Alzheimer’s is the most common cause of dementia in the world. Progressive neurodegenerative disorder manifests itself with the decline of memory and cognition.
When Julie and her team started studying Alzheimer’s-related genes in 2009, only three of them were known. With a greater volume of information, the scientist believes that it will be possible to study the effects that genes have on specific brain activity.
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Alzheimer’s is a degenerative disease caused by the death of brain cells that can appear decades before the first symptoms appear.
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Because it is a disease that tends to get worse over the years, early diagnosis is essential to delay the progression. Therefore, when presenting any symptoms of the disease, it is essential to consult a specialist.
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Although the symptoms are more common in people over 70 years of age, it is not uncommon for them to manifest in young people around 30. In fact, when this “premature” manifestation occurs, the condition is called early Alzheimer’s.
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In the initial phase, a person with Alzheimer’s tends to have changes in memory and starts to forget simple things, such as: where he kept his keys, what he had for breakfast, someone’s name or even the season of the year.
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Disorientation, difficulty remembering the address where you live or the way home, difficulties in making simple decisions, such as planning what you are going to do or eat, for example, are also signs of the disease.
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In addition, loss of desire to perform routine tasks, change in behavior (making the person more nervous or aggressive), and repetitions are some of the most common symptoms.
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According to research carried out by the Alzheimer’s Drugs Discovery Foundation (ADDF), the presence of damaged proteins (Amyloid and Tau), vascular diseases, neuroinflammation, failure of neural and genetic energy (APOE) may be related to the onset of the disease.
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Alzheimer’s treatment is done with the use of medications to reduce the symptoms of the disease, in addition to being necessary to perform physical therapy and cognitive stimulation. The disease has no cure and care must be taken until the end of life
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“Now we know that defective genes alter the way immune cells called microglia work”, he exemplifies.
After studying thousands of cases, the researcher understood that the treatment of the disease should not be the same for all patients. Instead, doctors and patients must consider multiple factors and various types of therapies that help delay and prevent the development of the health problem.
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