Approximately six out of ten women (65.8%) with cervical cancer need to wait more than 60 days to be able to start treatment in Brazil, according to data from an unprecedented study by Cancer Foundation released at the end of December.
The term is longer than that provided by law 12,732/12, the 60-day Law, which determines the right of cancer patients to start treatment in the public network within 60 days after the diagnosis of the disease.
The data were published in the first edition of the info.oncollect bulletin, released in December 2022 by the institution. The information was collected from the databases of more than 300 hospitals for the Hospital Cancer Registry Integrator (iRHC) and collected between 2005 and 2019.
They reveal that, across the country, the waiting time for treatment of women who arrived at the hospital already with the diagnosis in hand is longer compared to those who arrived without the diagnosis.
In the North region, only two out of ten women (27.5%) underwent treatment within two months. In the Southeast, the percentage of patients treated on time is 30.4%. They appear followed by the Northeast (38.4%), South (38.8%) and Midwest (42.5%).
The survey also shows that more than half of cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage, which indicates failures in the early detection of the disease.
“This fact implies a worse prognosis, higher mortality and lower survival for women”, suggests the Cancer Foundation. “The control of cervical cancer represents a huge challenge. For this year alone, the Ministry of Health estimates more than 16,000 new cases of the disease,” says the report.
According to the National Cancer Institute, for each year of the three-year period 2020/2022, around 625,000 cases of the disease will be registered in BrazilScience Photo Library – STEVE GSCHMEISSNER, Getty Images
***photo-person-being-examined-for-suspected-skin-cancerExtremely common in the country, skin cancer is characterized by the appearance of tumors on the skin in the form of spots or spots with irregular shapes. Related to prolonged exposure to the sun, exposure to artificial tanning beds or for hereditary reasons, the disease can be treated through surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.miriam-doerr/istock
***photo-woman-without-blouse-with-symbol-against-breast-cancer-Breast cancer is caused by the uncontrolled multiplication of cells in the breast. Although it is common in women, the disease can also affect men. Among the symptoms of the disease are: pain in the breast region, hardened lump, redness, swelling and bloody discharge. Treatment involves surgery to remove the breast, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormone therapy.SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Getty Images
***photo-person-holding-symbol-representing-the-fight-against-prostate-cancerMore frequent in men, prostate cancer has the following symptoms: blood in the urine, difficulty urinating, the need to urinate several times a day and the delay in starting and finishing urinating. Surgery and radiotherapy are among the treatments for the disease.Getty Images
***photo-woman-holding-throatAlthough it may be related to hyperthyroidism, smoking, changes in sex hormones and diabetes, for example, thyroid cancer is still not well understood by experts. Despite this, treatments against the disease involve hormone therapy, radiotherapy, radioactive iodine and chemotherapy, depending on the case. get images
***special-lung-cancer.jpgLung cancer is one of the types with the highest incidence in Brazil. Related to the use or prolonged exposure to smoking, its main symptoms are shortness of breath, chest pain, recurrent pneumonia, bronchitis, bloody sputum and frequent cough. The disease is treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or/and surgeryBSIP / Getty images
***photo-offering-cigarette-and-other-denyingIn Brazil, squamous squamous cell carcinoma has the highest incidence among stomach cancers. Treatments involve surgery or radiation therapy and chemotherapyiStock
***photo-man-lying-with-part-of-red-trunk.jpgStomach cancer is diagnosed after identifying malignant tumors spread throughout the organ and which may appear as ulcers. Related to infections caused by Helicobacter Pylori, the presence of ulcers and untreated chronic gastritis, for example, the disease can cause vomiting with blood or blood in the stool, frequent belly pain and constant heartburnSmith Collection/Gado/ Getty Images
***Drawing-uterus-with-cancer-outbreaks-in-the-cervixSymptoms of cervical cancer include intermittent vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain related to bowel or urinary complaints, and abnormal vaginal discharge. Treatment involves chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery.Science Photo Library/GettyImages
***photo-dentist-appointment-mouth-patientOral cancer is a disease that involves the presence of malignant tumors in the lips, gums, roof of the mouth, tongue, cheeks and bones. It is more common in men over 40 years old and has as symptoms wounds in the oral cavity, spots on the tongue and nodules on the neck, for example. Treatment involves surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Pexels
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Cervical cancer is mainly caused by infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV), transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse. The virus is responsible for 95% of cases of cervical cancer in Brazil, according to the Cancer Foundation.
Every 100,000 women, 4.6 die from the disease in Brazil. The main risk factors are the early onset of sexual activity and the variety of partners. The disease may also be related to smoking and prolonged use of birth control pills.
Prevention
The condom partially protects against HPV infection, which can also occur through contact with the skin of the vulva, perineal regions and scrotum.
The vaccine prevents against four types of the virus (6, 11, 16 and 18) and must be applied in two doses. The Unified Health System (SUS) provides the HPV vaccine for girls and boys aged 9 to 14 years. Immunization is offered to other age groups in private clinics.
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