Treatment of Covid-19 with transfusion of antibody-rich convalescent plasma reduces the risk of an immunocompromised patient dying from the coronavirus infection by 37%. This is what scientists from Johns Hopkins University, in the United States, say in an article published in the journal JAMA Network Open last Thursday (12/1).
The technique was widely studied at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic as a possibility of transferring the antibodies generated by a healthy patient, recovered from the coronavirus infection, to another hospitalized one.
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The high cost, the time to perform the procedure, without proven effectiveness against serious illness and death, and the emergence of new tools and treatments meant that the idea did not go ahead.
However, the researchers observed that many immunocompromised patients do not respond well to vaccines or cannot take the antiviral Paxlovid, for example, indicated for the initial phase of the disease to contain its progression, while taking their routine medications. So they decided to study other possibilities.
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Faced with the pandemic scenario and the expansion of the booster dose, some people are still wondering about the importance of the third dose of the vaccine against Covid-19
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*** Vaccination of children against Covid-19
The booster dose must be administered at least four months after the individual completes the initial vaccination schedule. The extra application serves to increase the amount of memory cells and further strengthen the antibodies they produce.
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***Influenza flu vaccination
Experts point out that one of the main measures provided by the booster dose is the expansion of the immune response. The third dose causes an increase in the amount of antibodies circulating in the body, which reduces the chance of the immunized person getting sick.
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For the elderly and immunosuppressed, the booster dose increases the effectiveness of immunization, since these groups do not develop an adequate immune response
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***adult vaccine
Another important measure is to reduce the chance of infection in case of new variants. The antibody promoted by the vaccine is directed to the strain that gave rise to the formula and, in this process, people also produce antibodies that have diversity. The greater the reach of the proteins that defend the organism, the greater the probability that some will bind to the new variant
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The director of the Brazilian Society of Immunizations (SBIM) and member of the Technical Advisory Committee of the National Immunization Program of the Ministry of Health, Renato Kfouri says that the mixture of vaccines from different laboratories is a
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A study conducted by the University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust in the United Kingdom showed that people who received two doses of AstraZeneca had a 30-fold increase in antibody levels after a Moderna booster, and a 25-fold increase with a booster. pfizer
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Reactions to the booster dose are similar to the previous two doses. Mild to moderate symptoms such as excessive tiredness and pain at the injection site are expected. However, there are also reports of symptoms that include local redness or swelling, headache, muscle pain, chills, fever or nausea.
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It is worth noting that the use of three doses has the main objective of reducing the number of severe cases and the number of hospitalizations due to Covid-19.
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An analysis of nine studies involving 2,110 participants, carried out using different methodologies, but which had in common the presence of patients with compromised immune systems, showed that transfusion of convalescent plasma reduced the risk of death by 37% among these patients.
“These findings suggest that transfusion of COVID-19 convalescent plasma is associated with a decrease in mortality for both immunocompromised and COVID-19 patients,” the study authors wrote.
The Johns Hopkins University researchers point out that more detailed research needs to be done to prove the effectiveness and benefits of convalescent plasma transfusion for this public.
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